Why Universities Shouldn’t Increase Tuition Every Year

One major problem with universities today is that they are constantly raising tuition fees. I'm not talking about raising tuition every now and then, I'm talking about those colleges that increase their tuition every year. With today's economy, this is simply not helping the students. The university I am currently attending is planning on increasing the tuition by almost $1,000. This is crazy. What colleges need to start doing is taking a better look at how they are spending their money. It is not the students' fault when the university takes on more than it can handle and has to find ways to make more of a profit. Colleges are already way too expensive for the average person. Most of the time, even with help from federal student aid, students are still having to pay more than they can afford. This forces them to take out loans that they may not be able to pay back in the future. Universities are not considering the fact that the economy is getting to the point where people who went to college and have a degree can't even get a job. Students are doing all the right things by going to college, building their resume, and gaining experience in the real world, but it just isn't enough to get a job. There are too many people competing for just a small amount of jobs that too many people end up empty handed. And when they have to start paying back their loans, they can't do it because they don't have the money. Universities who raise their tuition every year are putting students in an even worse situation. There are other areas of the university where they can find money to make up for whatever they are losing. They just don't look into those possibilities. They just think that the easiest way to solve their problems is to charge the students more money. There are close to 30,000 students who attend my university. If they charge each student an extra $1,000, they will have an increase of $30 million. That's insane to ask students for that much more money. It used to be so much cheaper to go to college. Students used to be able to pay for college much easier, especially if the federal government was helping out. Now, everything is changing and for all the wrong reasons. Students already have to pay for books, housing, meal plans, living expenses, and all these other things in addition to their tuition. Why burden them with even more to pay for? It's not right. It's even worse for students who go to college out of their state. They get charged almost double what a state resident would get charged. These students have no choice but to live on campus and pay even more money. Those who are attending college deserve to get what they pay for. They are getting an education in order to live a good life and to get a good job. Instead of getting this out of their college education, they get this crazy debt that will take their entire lives to pay off.

International Business: Doing business in another country Essay

1.0 INTRODUCTION This report will investigate the viability of â€Å"Aussie Boardies† expanding its business overseas. The potential country chosen is India. This country will be analysed with its business protocol, communication and cultural differences. The report will also investigate the strengths and weaknesses of setting up business in India and make comparisons to Australian business ethics. An informed recommendation will be made based upon evidence within the report in relation to establishing an overseas branch. 2.0 GENERAL FACTS 2.1 CLIMATE India’s climate and weather are varied depending on the relevant region; the three main regions are the Northern Plains, Central India and the Southern region. The Northern Plains have cities like New Delhi that experience extreme ranges of temperature and are very prone to monsoons during the monsoon season (June to September). Central India consists of hot and dry weather but temperature drops at night. It is the most monsoon prone in all of India during the monsoon season. The southern region of India has generally high humidity throughout the year and relatively low rainfall. The southern region of India’s climate is the most similar to the Gold Coast as they are both tropical and generally high temperatures throughout the year (see Appendix 2). 2.2 GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION India occupies most of the Indian subcontinent in Southern Asia. Its western border consists of only Pakistan and the eastern border is Bangladesh (see Appendix 1). The town of Chennai located on India’s south eastern coast would be the optimal place to set up â€Å"Aussie Boardies†. Chennai’s beaches are similar to the Gold Coast, and are the main tourist attraction. Thus, the demand for swimwear would be higher in that area. Therefore, this will be the optimal area in India to set up a branch of â€Å"Aussie Boardies†. The  distance from Australia to India is evident in appendix 6, as it is 7822.21km apart from Australia. 2.3 LIFESTYLE India is one of the most diverse countries, with an incredibly large mixture of races and hundreds of different languages spoken. Many aspects of the western lifestyle have been embraced in India in modern day. Foods are liked by the different areas of India but vegetables, pulses and rice are very much liked by all Indians. The people who live near the oceans diet consist mainly of fish as they are mostly fisherman. The Indian clothing is still traditional at its core, with many women wearing the Sari (Appendix 3). However, swimwear is the same as contemporary western styles, making â€Å"Aussie Boardies† have more relevance in the Indian society. 2.4 RELIGION As Appendix 4 shows, the main religion of India is Hinduism, with Islam as a minority. 2.5 FLAG The flag of India sports 3 coloured lines being, Saffron (top), white (middle) and India green (bottom). In the centre is the design of Ashoka Shakra in navy blue. 3.0 ECONOMIC/POLITICAL DETAILS 3.1 DEMOCRACY, MONARCHY, DICTATORSHIP India’s constitution describes the nation as a â€Å"sovereign socialist secular democratic republic†. (see Appendix 5) Politics of India take place within a constitution. India is a federal parliamentary democratic republic in which the President of India is head of state and the Prime Minister of India is the head of government. The political structure of India is similar to  Australia, as they are both democracies and operate within a constitutional framework. 3.2 POLITICAL ISSUES The social issues of India include a lack of homogeneity which naturally sees certain social groups being discriminated against base upon religion, race etc. Economic issues like unemployment, poverty and economic development are also a concern in India. (The Economic Times, 2014) Unemployment effectively hurts the country as it reduces productivity, therefore reducing the GDP. Also, with less people in gainful employment, the nation’s economy won’t be as active through less expenditure. This will effectively reduce the cash supply within the economy and strengthen the value of the currency, as it will deflate. A strengthening of the Indian currency will be very beneficial towards domestic business, as the currency is valuable, making a branch in â€Å"Aussie Boardies† a good investment by acquiring Indian assets. 3,3 GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT India is the world’s tenth largest economy and the second most populous. The most important and the fastest growing sector of Indian economy are services. Trade, hotels, transport and communication; financing, insurance, real estate and business services and community, social and personal services account for more than 60 percent of GDP. GDP (Gross domestic product) is an economic indicator that is measured by the final output of goods and services produced by a country within a certain period of time. It is typically used as the main economic indicator when reviewing a countries economic status. (Investorwords.com, 2014) The GDP value of India represents 2.97% of the world economy. India’s GDP is currently $1841.7 billion, which has seen a steady growth since 2010. (See appendix 8) The GDP growth rate of India expanded by 0.6% at the end of the 2013 quarter, as shown by appendix 9. This steady increase of GDP will increase the confidence of businesses, as the rising rate of GDP guarantees a stable economy. It would be recommended to set up a branch of â€Å"Aussie Bardies† in India at this time as the growth rate of GDP is seeing no fluctuations, indicating a healthy  economy. 3.4 WORKPLACE ISSUES Unemployment is measured by the amount of people who are out of work and are actively seeking employment. (Pettinger, 2010) The rate of unemployment is a key economic indicator to the health of an economy. India’s current unemployment rate is 3.8%, as appendix 10 shows; unemployment has seen a rapid decline in the past 3 years, from 9.4% to 3.8%. This low unemployment also encompasses children, as child labour is a big issue in India. The main cause of this compulsory child labour is no education and a high amount of poverty. (ilo.org, 2014) A 2011 UNICEF report showed that in India, 28 million children under the age of 14 were engaged in child labour. (Digitaljournal.com, 2014) This can potentially be beneficial to branching â€Å"Aussie Boardies† to India as it can assist in hiring child employees as they don’t require an adult’s income, and need the work, making it a mutually benign arrangement. 4.0 TRAVEL INFORMATION 4.1 TIME DIFFERENCE As appendix 11 shows, India is 3 hours 15 minutes behind Australia. If you were to set up an international conference, it would have to be ahead to ensure it is between the working times in India. 4.2 CURRENCY The Indian rupee (INR) is the official currency of India. As appendix 12 shows, 1 Australian dollar can purchase 55.16 Indian rupees. As India’s inflation has seen a steady trend of decreasing, this will increase the purchasing power and value of the Indian currency, thus making it a good investment to set up an the Australian â€Å"Aussie Boardies† branch in India. (See appendix 7) 4.3 LANGUAGE As appendix 13 shows, there are many different languages spoken in India. The official language spoken is Hindi along with English and French as minorities. If the Australian business was to set up a branch in India, a translator would probably not be needed as some of the population would know English. This would make communication with the local customers a lot more efficient within the established branch of â€Å"Aussie Boardies†. 5.0 CULTURE AND CUSTOM 5.1 COMMUNICATION STYLES As India is part of Asia, their communication styles are very similar to that of Asians. Likewise with many Asians, Indians consider it extremely troublesome to say â€Å"no† – feeling that to do so might be hostile and lead to harmful towards future relationships. Accordingly, when confronted with difference, Indians are likely to express dubiousness and lack of commitment. (Worldbusinessculture.com, 2014) This is a polar opposite to how Australians communicate, being western in their communication style. Australians are confronting and to the point, they will express how they feel and aren’t afraid of declining. Australia has alot of slang that other cultures would not understand and should be weary not to use it to avoid miscommunication. In India, a nonverbal form of greeting is to bow slightly with palms together. Australia’s form of nonverbal communication is shaking hands as per usual with western culture. 5.2 SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR Indians want to work with those they know. Numerous organizations are family run and may utilize numerous family members, since it is accepted that you can trust family over all others. Indeed in multi-national organizations, it is normal for one relative to be contracted and, assuming that it works out, recommend that cousins, siblings, or different relatives discover occupation there, as well. (Rw-3.com, 2007) This is less prominent in Australia as they  value friendship or â€Å"mateship† rather than families when doing business. The value of modesty is emphasised in India, as boasting about ones achievements is considered rude. This is similar in Australia, as pretentiousness is loathed and authenticity is appreciated. 5.3 ETIQUIETTE In India, business meetings are more casual when it comes to scheduling and dont need much lead time. Scheduling is recommended to be carried out through telephone or letter. It is good to set up a meeting between October and March to avoid the heat and monsoon seasons. (Kwintessential.co.uk, 2014) Also be considerate of the numerous religious holidays in India. When entering a meeting room, it is conventional to greet the most senior member first. In Australia, the hierarchy is based on the position rather than the age. When doing business in India, business cards should be exchanged at the first meeting. It is a good idea to have it translated in Hindi as well as English on one side as an indication of respect rather than linguistic need. (Intercultures.ca, 2014)When giving your business card to someone you should present it with your right hand and have it face up with the text facing the recipient so they can read it as you hand it to them. Likewise, it is convention to receive it with your right as the left hand is considered unclean in India. Also, putting the business card in your back pocket is considered rude, as you should put it in your wallet to signify prosperity. Australia is indifferent to how someone receives the business card as it is more of the contents of the card that matters. 5.4 STATUS, RANK AND POWER India is a male dominated society, making the status of women in business fairly low. Foreign women don thave issues being accepted in India, but Indian women are usually discriminated against. Although it might be hard for a woman in India to be in a higher position, it still occurs and they are treated with the same respect as a male in that position. Australia has gender equality and doesn’t discriminate, as women have the exact same opportunity as men within business. In India, senior members of the business  are usually revered and are in higher positions. This is contrary to Australia as age is respected, but not to that magnitude; with experience and status valued more. 5.5 DECISION MAKING Business negotiating in India is non-confrontational and it is uncommon for fellow peers to disagree. Decisions are usually made by the person with the highest authority and rarely any discourse occurs in challenging the decision. (Indiahorizonz.com,2014) The process of decision making is slow paced and it is honourable to show patience. Losing your temper out of impatience is looked down upon, making you unworthy of respect and trust. With Australia preferring to sign legal documents and contracts in the knowledge that there is equity in the law for justice should an agreement be broken. Indians wouldn’t appear over legalistic in agreements as they do not trust the legal system. Generally speaking, one’s word is sufficient to reach an agreement and is considered a reflection of their integrity. When decisions are made or negotiations are successful, they are often celebrated with a meal. 5.6 GRATUITIES Indians believe that gift giving signifies an easing transition into the next life. (Kwintessential.co.uk, 2014) It is recommended to not give expensive or cash gifts, as they can be considered a bribe in a business context but are suitable for family and close friends on special occasions. Gift-giving in Australia is generally not part of the business culture, as minor gifts would only be given at business parties of wine or chocolates. Be mindful in India to not have gifts that are meat or made of leather, as most Indians are Hindu or vegetarian, making a cows skin extremely offensive for them to look at. Gifts should be wrapped using primary colours as any black/white wrapping is considered unlucky. 6.0 RECOMMENDATIOBN Based on the impact of various distinctive elements it can be confidently stated that establishing a branch of Aussie Boardies in India has some risks, but is outweighed by the significant amount of benefits. The climate in the southern part of India’s climate has many similarities to the Gold Coast in which Aussie Boardies is located as it has high temperatures and is generally tropical. The optimal area of India to set up business would be the town of Chennai. Located on India’s south eastern coast, Chennai’s beaches are similar to the Gold Coast, and are the main tourist attraction. Thus, the demand for swimwear would be higher in that area. India is seeing a transition into a first world country with increased development as India is very stable with a booming rise in GDP and a fairly low unemployment, thus setting up a business at this time would be encouraged. The Indian currency is also seeing a strengthening through deflation; this is good for an Australian business as the exchange rates are very high with Australian currency which could see potential profits with an investment of Indian assets. Child labour is a prominent issue in India; however, this labour is not forced and is a result of high poverty and low education. This can potentially be beneficial to branching â€Å"Aussie Boardies† to India as it can assist in hiring child employees as they don’t require an adult’s income, and need the work, making it a mutually benign arrangement. As one of the official language used in business is English in India, this lowers a communication barrier with most of the population speaking English. The social and business etiquettes of Australia and India are diverse but Indians are usually accepting of the cultural differences and are open minded about them. Although, many of the core business protocols are similar and the re isn’t any radical changes. 7.0 CONCLUSION Considering the analysis of the viability of expanding the business â€Å"Aussie Boardies† overseas, there are many positive factors. Based on the evidence of the stable economic outlook of India, business protocols, communication and cultural differences, expanding business overseas is highly recommended.

Famine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Famine - Essay Example Social, economic, and political forces are more likely to be the driving forces behind widespread starvation than drought, floods, or natural disasters. In addition, the effects of famine, even for a short period, may be irreversible in children who are malnourished during their developmental years. This paper will examine the causes that create and perpetuate famine as well as the short and long-term effects on individuals and the larger social structure. It will conclude by offering some recommendations on minimizing the severity and effects of famine. This report will reveal the man-made reasons for the mis-distribution of food around the planet and the lasting health effects it has on the children of today and the adults of tomorrow. There are varying degrees and severities of hunger and famine that confront the people of the world. Often there are temporary and transitory conditions, such as the weather, that cause a short-term period of under-nutrition. However, in some parts of the world the problem is more severe. During the next year, as many as 6 million preschool children will die of acute starvation (Pinstrup-Anderson & Cheng, 2007). Many more children will feel the greatest long-term health effects of severe malnutrition. While the problem can be found worldwide, including the developed countries of Europe and North America, it is predominantly an issue for Africa and some parts of Asia. Almost all those affected are the rural poor who have lost social and economic access to food.Almost universally, at the core of starvation are poverty and the inability to acquire the most basic nutritional needs. External events such as draught, floods, and natural disasters contribute to famine, but are not the drivi ng cause. Scrimshaw (1987, p.6) noted that the widespread famine in Ethiopia during 1984 and 1985 was due to the poverty that arose from "primitive cultivation methods, as archaic land tenure system, overgrazing, exploitation of peasant farmers, lack of transport systems, and heavy bureaucracies". There was not a systemic shortage of food, but there was no economic means to acquire it and no motivation on the part of the social system to provide it. As the economic condition worsens, people sell off assets such as animals and land and are left destitute (Swift, 2006, p.45). In Bangladesh during the 1972-1975 famine, there was a wide availability of international aid that flowed into the country. However, the rural poor in Bangladesh during this period were denied even the basics due to a lack of political clout and the irregular distribution of the food supplies to the more wealthy, rather than those who did not have the money for even the barest minimum of rations (Dowlah, 2006, p. 349). In the midst of an ample food supply, abject poverty will still prevent the poorest population segments from obtaining the necessary food. While poverty is a generic factor that is almost universally at the core of famine, there are many other factors that contribute to the poverty, or exploit the poverty situation. The tragic famine that gripped Bangladesh in 1972 was made worse by a nine month long guerrilla war that devastated the existing economy. According to Dowlah (2006, p.346), "War dislocations, along with critical shortages of agricultural ingredients - seeds, fertilizer, and irrigation - prevented the proper planting of crops". The self-imposed militant isolation of North Korea

THE CASE OF LinkedIn Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

THE OF LinkedIn - Case Study Example LinkedIn marketing team needs to conduct market research in the GCC region, especially the culture of the Muslim community. The operations of LinkedIn Company are all about interactions and exchange of ideas. If the market research can identify the specific culture of cooperation in the GCC region, then the company can increase the membership base (Rodrigues, Maccari & Lenzi, 2012). Furthermore, identifying the different groups of potential members such as the CEOs, the business people, the young professionals and many others, may help expand the membership volume. Additionally, the company should adopt a social media platform costumed to the language and lifestyle characteristics of the Asian, especially the Muslim community. Nevertheless, the company will incorporate some of the giant companies in the GCC region in the management team to lure the members from the GCC. The strategy of increasing the membership in the GCC region may not be the same as the ones used in Europe because the two regions have different national cultures. For example, the European market may view LinkedIn connection agenda as healthy, and many people in the area would be willing to participate. On the other hand, GCC region is a reserved culture, which views the interaction as intrusion into their culture and way of life. Therefore, Europe would need a little convincing since they would readily accept. Porter’s five forces analyzes the competitive environment for business firms. The LinkedIn is a professional networking company whose operations depend on the massive wave of social media interaction currently sweeping the globe. The first Porter model force is existing rivalry among competitors. The LinkedIn is facing competition from Facebook, WhatsApp, and Twitter. However, the level of this force is not high on LinkedIn because most of its competitors are more social

The Confucian virtue of Chun Tzu Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

The Confucian virtue of Chun Tzu - Essay Example One aspect in American society that I feel Chun tzu would work especially well is in our current politics. One might assume that Te, or power, would be most closely associated with politics and politicians, but I do not think this is the case in America. We seem to be in a state of perpetual bickering and insults between individual politicians and political parties. I cannot help but notice that all of these individuals seem to be extremely insecure, regardless of how they present themselves to the media and the American people. Chun tzu practiced by the politicians of the United States would change the whole nature of political discourse. Discussion would be elevated above the sniping remarks and one-line zingers that seem to dominate the day. Instead, discourse would focus on ideas, not put-downs. Chun tzu would encourage the mature tolerance of opposing ideas while at the same time inspiring one to present an opposing view in a way that is influential but not confrontation or demeaning. Like the consummate host or hostess, politicians would find plenty to perhaps disagree with, but would refrain from being disagreeable. Another aspect of American culture that would greatly benefit from the virtue of Chun tzu is the writing that drives the interactions between people in our movies and our television shows. So much of what is available seems to focus on making other people uncomfortable as a means of getting a laugh or building drama. After watching shows that are written this way, Americans are a little less sensitive to one another. Coarse language is easier to use and the feelings of others are less important, especially if it makes someone laugh. Chun tzu allows plenty of room for the writing of great dramas and comedies. It does not indicate that there is never conflict between individuals and institutions. It does imply that if there is conflict, however, resolving the conflict is best so relations can be mended. Much of the entertainment in America seems determined to create strife and division between individuals. Especially troubling for Americans at this time is the fact that immature comme nts are not confined to entertainment through the media. Knowing how to behave as a fan at a baseball game or how to enjoy a play without annoying those around you seems to be an art that is being lost. In politics, entertainment and society, a large dose of Chun tzu is necessary so that mature individuals and actions are not looked upon as outside the norm, but are actually the norm for us all. Journal #10 The Taoist term wu wei or water is one that I think could be easily misunderstood in the West. The idea of water does not exactly lend itself to thinking about something powerful in to people in the West. We are full of ideas about water as a natural resource, as a means of transportation. In some ways, Westerners may view water in slightly pejorative terms. Water follows the path of least resistance. Not exactly a show of strength or vigor. Wu wei is a show of force for the Taoist. Not this â€Å"Hey everybody, look at me!† type of force. It is more like a silent, flowing river. There are no rapids to suggest the immense power of erosion the river is exerting on the surface of the Earth. There is no indication of sediment load or chemical interaction with the surrounding bedrock. Yet all of this is happening right before our eyes in a seemingly effortless display of force. Key to this idea of wu wei is the fact that each river finds its own course. It is true that rivers do follow the path of least resistance. Far from making them lazy, this path which the lay of the land and the power of

Mice in Kelly Hall Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mice in Kelly Hall - Essay Example In a Sylvan habitat where resident deer mice have been removed, other mice are capable of migrating to the new place where mice have been removed to replace them, going as far as travelling from distant places where there are no mice colonies. This migration can take up to two weeks (Douglas, Kuezi, Williams and Samuel Mills 392). House mice are, at most times, nocturnal, although they may appear during daytime. The mice experience poor eyesight therefore, they rely on other senses when moving and looking for food. House mice shelter under buildings and make their nest using materials that are shredded. Breeding periods of mice may occur year-round but when outdoors, it may occur during spring and fall periods, and the population is able to grow rapidly when under favorable conditions. The mice are able to enter structures through jumping, gnawing, and even swimming in water. The mouse can occupy various habitats that arrange from tropical climates to subantarctic islands, and withou t doubt, they can adapt to extreme temperatures (Fox, Barthhold, Davison, Newcomer, Quimy and Smith 31). There are studies carried out on mice and it indicates that they can travel for an average distance of nine meters and because of the limited movements, they do, they become difficult to control (Vector Management Program, n.p.). The mice are capable of memorizing their environment and identify well with essential factors such as food and water. Even though they are capable of identifying new objects that are present in their environment, they do not develop fear of the new objects. In an experiment to investigate the increase in number of mice in a building, several mice were removed in a building but they were quickly replaced. The vacant habitat was occupied by other mice and therefore homeowners must seal their houses when trapping mice in order to prevent other mice from occupying the vacant position. Preventing and Controlling House Mice The three most effective ways of con trolling and preventing house mice include constructing of rodent proof structures, ensuring there is good sanitation and reducing its population. The mice being smaller are capable of entering openings that are narrow hence in most circumstances makes use of rodent proofing difficult. House mice have a limited area for movement and, therefore, they should have no water. The reproduction of house mice, being at a higher rate than that of rats, requires an individual to take into account this information for successful control of the mice. The mice have a large home range hence modifying their habitat is not easy to attain because the mice may be coming from other areas that are beyond control (Salmon and Lick liter 43). It is advisable to try to modify the habitat of mice in the form of ensuring there is storage of food and garbage inside the house. This will only assist in detecting the signs of the presence of house mice and hence increase the effectiveness of using traps; moreove r, mice may live behind cabinets in an office and they will feed on crumbs of lunches people had in the office. No matter how good the sanitation of an office is maintained, the little food stored or consumed is able to support a mice therefore there must be a constant watch for invasion of mice. It is good practice to remove any debris available and control weeds in an effort to reduce the shelter

Quality and Service Improvements Lead to Enhanced Company Revenues and Essay

Quality and Service Improvements Lead to Enhanced Company Revenues and Higher Margins - Essay Example Do quality and service improvements related efforts add cost to the production operations, or does it cut down wastage, improve product appeal and thus generate greater revenues Disjointed quality related efforts add expenses and do not contribute extra profits to the bottom line. Where as sincere efforts with active participation of all layers of an enterprise can rejuvenate and reinvigorate the entire organization and provide commendable competitive advantage. Having said all this we need to know what exactly quality is as identification of quality would result in its improvement and thus increase revenues. Literally quality originates from the Latin word 'qualis' which can be translated as 'such as the thing really is'. Quality has various meanings and each has a depth within itself. Before starting of with how quality and service results in enhanced profits we will identify what actually quality is and how various gurus have identified quality as. Quality itself has been defined as the ongoing process of building and sustaining relationships by assessing, anticipating, and fulfilling stated and implied needs.' (Winder, Richard E. and Judd, Daniel K., 1996, organizational orienteering: Linking Deming, Covey, and Senge in an Integrated Five Dimension Quality Model). Quality is all about conformance to requirements or fitness for use which can be defined through five principal approaches: (1) Transcendent quality is an ideal, a condition of excellence. (2) Product-based quality is based on a product attribute. (3) User-based quality is fitness for use. (4) Manufacturing-based quality is conformance to requirements. (5) Value-based quality is the degree of excellence at an acceptable price. Also, quality has two major components: (1) quality of conformance-quality is defined by the absence of defects, and (2) quality of design-quality is measured by the degree of customer satisfaction with a product's characteristics and features. (http://scrc.ncsu.edu/public/d efinitions.html). Quality management enhances an organization's profits and gets them greater margins. The importance of quality can be seen by the fact that we as customers never want to associate our selves with a bad quality product. That can be with respect to: Performance Features Reliability Durability Conformance Serviceability Responsiveness Competence communication Credibility Access security Aesthetics Perceived quality This not only results in you never availing that service or product but spreading the word around to others you concerned with. This obviously affects the sales of the product or service causing problems for the organization. Goodman et al. (2000), based on a range of studies carried out by TARP (Technical Assistance Research Programs), states: Quality and service improvements can be directly and logically linked to enhanced revenue within one's own company; and secondly, higher quality allows companies to obtain higher margins. These arguments were proven by various surveys which resulted in the following conclusions which prove the relation of quality and service improvements to the revenues and profits of the organization. (Source: CMC Partnership Ltd. (1991)) - Problems decrease customer loyalty by 15 per cent to 30 per cent: - 50 per cent of individual consumers and 25 per cent of business customers who have problems never complain

Wooden Bats versus Metal Bats in Baseball Essay

Wooden Bats versus Metal Bats in Baseball - Essay Example Wooden bats are heavier than metal bats because they are solid, and that is why they require more effort to sway than aluminum bats. They also have a smaller sweet spot due to which the hit remains within range, i.e., the hitting zone is small. In other words, the weight of wooden bats is concentrated far from hands, or in other words, the center of gravity lies in the barrel. Thus, the swing weight is higher, which keeps the ball within range and means that the ball will not go much farther. Metal bats are hollow from within. A metal bat is lighter because of a larger sweet spot (Zumerchik 52), and the weight is concentrated very close to the hands, which will make the hit swing much higher as the swing weight is lower. A ball thrown at a higher or faster pace will also go farther. Wooden bats are safer than metal bats because the exit speed of the ball is much slower in case of wooden bats. Thus, the ball comes off with slow speed, which is good as it reduces the danger of injury if the ball hits another player or pitcher. Also, there is no chance that the bat will get tossed away from the hands of the player. This is why major league baseball authorities endorse the use of wooden bats, considering the hit power of the professional players. Metal bats, as they are lighter, can easily get tossed away to injure another player. Also, the larger sweet spot in case of metal bats causes larger exit speed of the ball, i.e., the ball will jump off faster, which could injure anybody within the hitting zone very seriously. There have been many unfortunate events in the past, in which players or spectators got injured due to this issue, as the Associated Press states, â€Å"A New Jersey teenager left brain-damaged after being struck by a line drive while playing in a youth baseball game will receive $14.5 million to settle his lawsuit against the bat.

Philosophical Paper on an essay about abortion

Philosophical Paper on an about abortion - Essay Example And being genetically human, a fetus has as much a right to life as a baby or an adult. Once conception is over, a woman does not have the right to eliminate the embryo, even if it is completely in her power, and its existence conditional on hers. Warren distinguishes between the moral and genetic states of being human, by stating five attributes of moral human existence. Using the above criteria, Warren comes to the conclusion that being human is not the preserve of homo-sapiens alone. It is quite possible that some other form of life could exist which has all the above characteristics without being a genetic human being. She gives the example of aliens from another planet, and also talks about highly developed robots/ humanoids of the future who could qualify as persons without being genetically human. On the other hand, a fetus, although genetically human, has no self-awareness or consciousness. A fetus is the extension of the body of its host (mother). Therefore, a fetus may be denied the right to life, and aborted. (Warren, 1996) By an extension of the same prem... She gives the example of aliens from another planet, and also talks about highly developed robots/ humanoids of the future who could qualify as persons without being genetically human. On the other hand, a fetus, although genetically human, has no self-awareness or consciousness. A fetus is the extension of the body of its host (mother). Therefore, a fetus may be denied the right to life, and aborted. (Warren, 1996) By an extension of the same premise, it could be argued that new born infants not being persons-not possessing the ability to reason or a self-concept-can be killed. This line of logical reasoning is dangerous as it gives the power of life and death over an infant to his/her mother/father/any other person with partially or fully developed ability to think, reason and emote. The danger arises from the fact that not all persons are altruistic or moral, and some may be ready to sacrifice the life of an infant for the sake of personal benefit. ("Why should I look after a baby, when it is so inconvenient It binds me down. I can't afford it.") There is also post-partum depression-a medical/emotional condition experienced by many new mothers-which makes it difficult for her to care for a child. It is to avoid the dangers of blurring the line between eliminating a fetus and eliminating a child that most pro-abortionists state that while it is okay to kill a fetus, it is definitely not okay to kill a child, even if the child is born monstrously malformed or grossly non-human-like. They would insist that all possible measures should be taken to keep such a baby alive. McKinley seeks to clear this impasse faced by pro-abortionists by differentiating between physical and social dependence. A fetus is completely physically dependant, sharing the very space occupied

Phytochemical Screening and Extraction Essay Example for Free

Phytochemical Screening and Extraction Essay Plants are a source of large amount of drugs comprising to different groups such as antispasmodics, emetics, anti-cancer, antimicrobials etc. A large number of the plants are claimed to possess the antibiotic properties in the traditional system and are also used extensively by the tribal people worldwide. It is now believed that nature has given the cure of every disease in one way or another. Plants have been known to relieve various diseases in Ayurveda. Therefore, the researchers today are emphasizing on evaluation Prashant Tiwari*, Bimlesh Kumar, Mandeep Kaur, Gurpreet Kaur, Harleen Kaur Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Phagwara, Punjab and characterization of various plants and plant constituents against a number of diseases based on their traditional claims of the plants given in Ayurveda. Extraction of the bioactive plant constituents has always been a challenging task for the researchers. In this present review, an attempt has been made to give an overview of certain extractants and extraction processes with their advantages and disadvantages. INTRODUCTION extracts. Such preparations have been popularly called Plant-derived substances have recently become of galenicals, named after Galen, the second century great interest owing to their versatile applications. Greek physician [2]. Medicinal plants are the richest bio-resource of drugs Extraction methods used pharmaceutically involves of the separation of medicinally active portions of plant traditional systems of modern folk tissues from the inactive/inert components by using medicines, pharmaceutical intermediates and chemical selective solvents. During extraction, solvents diffuse entities for synthetic drugs [1]. Into the solid plant material and solubilize compounds Extraction (as the term is pharmaceutically used) is the with similar polarity [1]. separation of medicinally active portions of plant (and The purpose of standardized extraction procedures for animal) tissues using selective solvents through crude drugs (medicinal plant parts) is to attain the standard procedures. The products so obtained from therapeutically desired portions and to eliminate plants are relatively complex mixtures of metabolites, unwanted material by treatment with a selective in liquid or semisolid state or (after removing the solvent known as menstrum. The extract thus solvent) in dry powder form, and are intended for oral obtained, after standardization, may be used as or external use. These include classes of preparations medicinal agent as such in the form of tinctures or known extracts, fluid extracts or further processed to be incorporated tinctures, pilular (semisolid) extracts or powdered in any dosage form such as tablets and capsules. These as decoctions, food medicine, supplements, infusions, fluid products contains complex mixture of many medicinal   plant metabolites, such as alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, flavonoids and lignans [3]. The general techniques of medicinal plant extraction include maceration, infusion, percolation, digestion, Internationale Pharmaceutica Sciencia Jan-Mar 2011 Vol 1 Issue 1 Prashant Tiwari, et al: Phytochemical screening and Extraction: A Review decoction, (Soxhlet), part of the plant like bark, leaves, flowers, roots, fruits, aqueous-alcoholic extraction by fermentation, counter- seeds, etc i.e. any part of the plant may contain active current extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, components. The systematic screening of plant species ultrasound extraction (sonication), supercritical fluid with the purpose of discovering new bioactive extraction, (with compounds is a routine activity in many laboratories. hydrofluorocarbon solvents). For aromatic plants, Scientific analysis of plant components follows a hydrodistillation techniques (water distillation, steam logical pathway. Plants are collected either randomly distillation, water and steam distillation), hydrolytic or by following leads supplied by local healers in maceration followed by distillation, expression and geographical areas where the plants are found [5]. enfl eurage (cold fat extraction) may be employed. Fresh or dried plant materials can be used as a source Some of the latest extraction methods for aromatic for the extraction of secondary plant components. plants include headspace trapping, solid phase micro- Many authors had reported about plant extract extraction, protoplast extraction, microdistillation, preparation from the fresh plant tissues. The logic thermomicrodistillation and molecular distillation [3]. behind this came from the ethno medicinal use of fresh The basic parameters influencing the quality of an plant materials among the traditional and tribal extract are [1]: people.

Company and market analysis for Uncle Tobys Company

Company and market analysis for Uncle Tobys Company The Uncle Tobys Company has a long and vibrant history, having gone through several name, location and ownership changes to get it to where it is today. The Uncle Tobys Muesli Bars is the ready to eat product suitable for people of all ages, their philosophy was that improved diet leads to improved health by balance and nutrition. The Uncle Tobys company was originally established as Parsons Bros, in Melbourne by Leonard and George Parsons when they arrived in Australia from England in 1861 and commenced manufacturing John Bull Oats. In 1893, The Uncle Tobys Oats product was introduced to the market by Clifford Love and Co in Sydney and entered the homes hearts and of Australian families, its the first shown as Uncle Tobys products in trade market. In the past hundred years, Uncle Tobys renamed a lot of times until 1989, the company was officially renamed as Uncle Tobys Company, and the stage was set for the birth of the brand we know and love today, Launch of Yoghurt Topps Muesli Ba rs. Uncle Tobys was one of sections of the Goodman Fielder food company, yet was separated by parent company Burns Philp in December 2005. In 2006, Swiss food giant Nestle purchased Uncle Tobys manufacturing facility and brands. SWOT Matrix 6 Marks Product: __Uncle Toby Muesli bars______ Strengths Products have required accreditations Right products, reliability and quality Better product life and durability Good customer loyalty differentiated products Creativity and imagination of staff Weaknesses Customer lists not tested Organisational infrastructure No direct marketing experience Dont have a detailed plan yet Lack of marketing expertise Limited budget Opportunities Local competitors have poor products Could extend to abroad Can surprise competitors Could expand the scale of supplier deals Threats Legislation could impact Taxation is introduced on product Fierce price competition Possible negative publicity Competition from other providers The 4Ps Analysis ¼Ã‚ Product, Price, Place and Promotion Products Several kinds of finest cereal bars as health product for balancing nutrition products. An instant breakfast catering all segments who want health and quick breakfast without preparation. A tasty snack for children and also it could be supplement for older adult to consume. Uncle Tobys Muesli Bars is the wholegrain product. Wholegrain content is important in peoples daily diet; its naturally nutrient can help maintain your familys wellbeing. The products contain wholegrain oats and wheat. These are intact grains, which mean they are slowly digested and contribute to products low glycemic index (GI)*. Uncle Tobys Muesli Bars contain on average 7% of the daily intake for sugar per bar. This means you can enjoy the goodness of wholegrain in a tasty snack as part of a balanced diet. And here are no artificial colours and flavours in the product and they are all source of fibre products. Many of the products in Uncle Tobys range are high in fibre, with an average serving delivering at least 3g of fibre towards your daily requirement of 30g. Some fibres, such as the whole grain wheat can also act as a prebiotic, nourishing your friendly bacteria and helping with digestive balance. The Uncle Tobys Muesli Bars got 3 different types of packages; they are Standard Packs (6 bars/120g), Value Packs (12bars/240g), Value Packs (18bars/360g, WOOLWORTH only). And it also got nut crumble, apricot, choc chips these 3 flavours on CRUNCHY, choc chip, forest fruits, apricot and white choc chip these 4 flavours on CHEWY, strawberry, raspberry, apricot, mango passionfruit and honeycomb these 5 flavours on YOGHURT TOPPS. These means Uncle Tobys Muesli Bars provide different products with different flavours to satisfy the different needs of customers. The variety of products makes the company different from other competitors. The business concentrates on changing the products since new variants or ingredient created that enhance ultimate multisensory food experience for making lots of kind product to satisfy different target markets and maintain original target market loyalty. Price Table 1 Brand Price (per 100g) Carmans AU $ 2.28 Uncle Tobys AU $ 2.16 Nature Valley AU $ 2.14 Cadbury AU $ 2.09 Be Nature AU $ 2.08 Coles AU $ 1.56 Table 1 demonstrates the price of different muesli bars products brand that can be found in COLES. The highest price of brand of muesli bars is Carmans which values AU $2.28 per 100g. The product of Uncle Tobys ranks second high price in COLES (AU $2.16 per 100g) that indicates its price strategy associates with non-price competition. By contrast, the brand of Coles which is the lowest price (AU $1.56 per 100g) stands for price competition. As can be seen from table 1, Uncle Tobys adopts non-price competition strategies. It emphasizes characteristic product features, quality, service, packaging, promotion or other factors to differentiate its product from competing brands rather than focusing on price. Although Uncle Tobys takes non-price competition strategy, the annual sales generates more than US $600 million in terms of retail sales that is not corresponsively in undesirable results (General Mills 2006). In 2001, Uncle Tobys has a yearly turnover of about US $900 million (ITP.net 2005). A little bit higher prices than competitors due to higher product quality, unusual product features and brand reputation but usually get price discount for products. (High price-High quality policy) Place/Distribution The types of marketing channels for Uncle Tobys product is a long-standing channel that producer conveys goods to a wholesalers, then to a retailer, and a retailer sell the product to the consumers. It is the most economical distribution channel for Uncle Tobys to be a long-standing channel as costs is lower than Uncle Tobys performs marketing their products. The product of Uncle Tobys, locates to intensive distribution allots products to customers by a range variable of outlets such as supermarkets and convenience stores. Efficient distribution of Uncle Tobys product is that produces products to Coles, WOLWORTH, 7-11 and other similar supermarkets and outlets. Customers purchase over three-quarters of all groceries in supermarkets. In terms of convenience stores, it extends opening hours and locates in a convenient place that people can purchase product frequently. Beside people can order products form Uncle Tobys Muesli Bars through internet which leads to cost reduction for consumer and supplier and make more convenient to purchase or even buy product directly from manufacture. Promotion Uncle Tobys were working together with the Royal Life Saving Society-Australia with the goal of preventing the drowning deaths of more than 50 children each year. Uncle Tobys invest half million dollars over three years to help teach Australian children how to swim and survive in the water in partnership with Royal Life Saving. As one of Australias top sports sponsors, Uncle Tobys has a solid history of Olympic team sponsorship. From 1988 to 2008 the company was official sponsor of the Australia Olympic Team. Below-the-line promotion: indirect expenditure on promotion refers to those methods of promoting products that do not use direct advertising such as free gift or getting stars to endorse products or news and magazine storles featuring the product. Uncle Tobys also doing the promotion in the supermarket like WOOLWORTH, Coles. They offer the fair price at anytime. Uncle Tobys brand which has developed a reputation for successful above-the-line advertising (TV, radio, poster), that makes Uncle Tobys became the 29th sales in Australia. Physical Evidence The Uncle Tobys name is synonymous with high-quality, great-tasting food the world over, so the promotion for their product always focus on delicious, tasty and high-price get high-quality. More recent years Uncle Tobys was one of the first in food industry to print Guideline Daily Amounts(GDAs) on the packs of product for showing the percentage of the recommended intake of calories, sugar, fat, saturates and salt for each portion of product clearly as Uncle Tobys is being a nutritionist. Hence the products from Uncle Tobys pay more attention on balance nutrition and health eating. Process The manufacturing system includes 3 parts in process: processing, packaging and storing. Packaging and storing- The cereal will be send to packaging area once they passed the quality check and place it into individual box and cases, then transport by conveyer belt to warehouse until they shipped to stores for retail sale. Conclusion The product variable in marketing mix emphasis health and quick cereal breakfast or snack without preparation which fit all ages, it means wide range of target market such as health claim are more popular for everyone, female are shape conscious and convenient food are common now, more price variable pays more attention on the target market who willing to pay a little bit more for higher quality product than competitors but sometime the customer will get reward for loyalty or price discount ( see promotion ).Also this business done well job at boost sales and brand value by using varied promotion methods since this business established, they try to make products available on hand everywhere as well. The buyer for Uncle Tobys Muesli Bar will be parents or older adult and cereal are purchase one of the fastest-moving product in supermarket, also research shows the most influencer are kids. Despite they pay more attention on target market for 8-11 years child, but Uncle Tobys Muesli Bar hard to make product diversify for growing different target markets for increasing profit, they wish their products not only for everybody but also can be consumed in any time, Uncle Tobys Muesli Bar contains comprehensive target markets for example health and instant breakfast for everyone, sweet snack for chide and adult, also supplement for older adult which Uncle Tobys Muesli Bar can be consumed all day in different ways. Successful business use all the tools at their disposal to stay at the top of their chosen market and Uncle Tobys Muesli Bar are able to use a number of business tools properly in order to successful in ready-to-eat cereal market by re-position the brand through the use of marketing mix, return the brand to grow, improve the frequent of purchase and introduce new customers to brand. This business is sound marketer to carefully segment and deliver an outstanding proposition for their customers. The vision and idea from founder Uncle Tobys which strong commitment to nutrition, health and quality driven improvement for their products and process to make Uncle Tobys business being a leader of cereal and snack producer in the world.

The Ethics of Spam Prevention Essay -- Internet Computers Technology E

The Ethics of Spam Prevention The user base of the Internet and World Wide Web grows by millions of users each year. In recent years this has created an explosion in the number of Internet email accounts and addresses. Companies such as Microsoft, Yahoo and Netscape have made free email accounts available for the world to use. Many people have multiple email accounts on the web, in addition to those that they may have for business purposes. This increase in the number of users around the world surfing the Internet and using email has created a new problem and a very disturbing trend. Spam or unsolicited email messages, has become such a problem for people that it is common for users to spend a large portion of their time online just sifting through and deleting unwanted email. Spam has become an effective form of advertisement for any company or individual that uses the internet. Practically any type of product or service imaginable is being promoted through the use of spam. Many of these products that are being promoted are pornographic and can be offensive or harmful to people, especially to children. These spam messages however, are sent out indiscriminately to any email address that the spammer or source of the spam can find. Part of the reason that Internet users have more than one free web based email account is to avoid spam. People create new accounts for themselves because the spammers have found the old addresses and filled the inboxes with unwanted email. The progress of spamming technologies has created a whole new set of security products and features that companies and email providers must give users to make them competitive among email providers. Individual citizens and businesses have the ... ... enforce it. This type of a policy would certainly cause a drop in the billions of unsolicited messages sent each day, which are costing individuals time, money and productivity. Bibliography Google .com, 23 May 2004, http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&ie=UTF-8&q=%E2%80%9C@msn.com%E2%80%9D John Leyden, 10 Mar. 2004, The Register, 22 May 2004 , http://www.theregister.co.uk/2004/03/10/big_us_isps_set_legal/ Spam Statistics 2004, 2004, Spam Filter Review, http://www.spamfilterreview.com/spam-statistics.html David E. Sorkin, 16 Dec. 2003, Spam Laws, 22 May 2004 , http://www.spamlaws.com/federal/108s877.html Paul Roberts, 19 May 2004, IDG News Service (PCWorld.com), 22 May 2004, http://www.pcworld.com/news/article/0,aid,116178,00.asp John Leyden, 27 Apr. 2004, The Register, 22 May 2004 , http://www.theregister.co.uk/2004/04/27/spam_law_review/

A Comparison of Winthrop and Edwards to the Apostles of Christ Essay

A Comparison of Winthrop and Edwards to the Apostles of Christ      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I find John Winthrop and Jonathan Edwards to be the most fascinating writers I have ever read. For one, they are the "apostles" of our time. Second, their comparisons to the apostles of Christ are too close to ignore.    There are three historical, Christian milestones. One being after the death of Christ where an evangelical movement of Christ's disciples, friends and brothers preached on how Jesus Christ was the Messiah and the Son of God. The second milestone was when the Pilgrims came to America for religious freedom, and many ministers guided and directed the pilgrims toward the "City of God". One of the last historical Christian movements seen is the Great Awakening. This movement was to trade deistic notions of reason and rationality to faith, God, and Divine Providence. Among the apostles of Biblical times, the most influential were Apostles James and Paul. One of the great writers and speakers of his time, John Winthrop represents the second mark, leaving Jonathan Edwards as one of the most remembered preacher of the Great Awakening.    John Winthrop's writings are intensely related to the Apostle James' writings. Jonathan Edwards approaches his audience in the same manner as Apostle Paul, and both carry a burden to lead people to their Savior. Interestingly enough, Winthrop and Edwards are speaking the gospel, but one is speaking to a different circle of people than the other and with a totally different message. Likewise, as someone has written, "Paul and James do not stand face to face, fighting each other, but they stand back to back, fighting opposite foes" (McGee 64).    In John Winthrop's "A Model of Christian Chari... ...ave a unity under their great love for God. They persevere, and they press toward the kingdom of God through their writings and teachings.       Works Cited Bensick, Carol. "Jonathan Edwards." The Heath Anthology of American Literature. Ed.Paul Lauter. Canada: DC Heath and Company, 1990. 561-564. Edwards, Jonathan. "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God." The Heath Anthology of American Literature. Ed. Paul Lauter. Canada: DC Heath and Company, 1990. 584-595. McGee, J. Vernon. Thru the Bible Commentary Series: James. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1991. New International Version. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan, 1984. Wiersbe, Warren N. Be Free. USA: S P Publications, 1975. Winthrop, John. "from a Modell of Christian Charity." The Heath Anthology of American Literature. Ed. Paul Lauter. Canada: DC Heath and company, 1990. 226-238.    A Comparison of Winthrop and Edwards to the Apostles of Christ Essay A Comparison of Winthrop and Edwards to the Apostles of Christ      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I find John Winthrop and Jonathan Edwards to be the most fascinating writers I have ever read. For one, they are the "apostles" of our time. Second, their comparisons to the apostles of Christ are too close to ignore.    There are three historical, Christian milestones. One being after the death of Christ where an evangelical movement of Christ's disciples, friends and brothers preached on how Jesus Christ was the Messiah and the Son of God. The second milestone was when the Pilgrims came to America for religious freedom, and many ministers guided and directed the pilgrims toward the "City of God". One of the last historical Christian movements seen is the Great Awakening. This movement was to trade deistic notions of reason and rationality to faith, God, and Divine Providence. Among the apostles of Biblical times, the most influential were Apostles James and Paul. One of the great writers and speakers of his time, John Winthrop represents the second mark, leaving Jonathan Edwards as one of the most remembered preacher of the Great Awakening.    John Winthrop's writings are intensely related to the Apostle James' writings. Jonathan Edwards approaches his audience in the same manner as Apostle Paul, and both carry a burden to lead people to their Savior. Interestingly enough, Winthrop and Edwards are speaking the gospel, but one is speaking to a different circle of people than the other and with a totally different message. Likewise, as someone has written, "Paul and James do not stand face to face, fighting each other, but they stand back to back, fighting opposite foes" (McGee 64).    In John Winthrop's "A Model of Christian Chari... ...ave a unity under their great love for God. They persevere, and they press toward the kingdom of God through their writings and teachings.       Works Cited Bensick, Carol. "Jonathan Edwards." The Heath Anthology of American Literature. Ed.Paul Lauter. Canada: DC Heath and Company, 1990. 561-564. Edwards, Jonathan. "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God." The Heath Anthology of American Literature. Ed. Paul Lauter. Canada: DC Heath and Company, 1990. 584-595. McGee, J. Vernon. Thru the Bible Commentary Series: James. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1991. New International Version. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan, 1984. Wiersbe, Warren N. Be Free. USA: S P Publications, 1975. Winthrop, John. "from a Modell of Christian Charity." The Heath Anthology of American Literature. Ed. Paul Lauter. Canada: DC Heath and company, 1990. 226-238.   

Formation and Organization of the Athalassic Salt Lakes of Australia :: Geology Research Papers

Formation and Organization of the Athalassic Salt Lakes of Australia Preface Upon my acceptance to the Biomes of Australia 2003 program – a biologically-oriented summer experience in the â€Å"Land Down Under† that, for the 6th consecutive year, has been organized by Dr. Warren Dolphin of Iowa State University – I was presented with the task of writing a research paper on an aspect of the Australian landscape. Anxious to apply my new knowledge of geomorphology and desiring to investigate an ecosystem from the holistic perspective of an environmental scientist, I settled upon investigating the formative elements of athalassic (inland) salt lakes and how they determine the ecological structure of salt lake playas. The research summarized in this report is an assimilation of fragmented literature on the subject and represents an attempt to integrate those pieces for better clarity. I believe that my travel companions, to whom I am obligated to present this information, shall derive a greater understanding of Australian salt lake systems f rom a broad examination of the subject than from an intensely focused analysis of but a single component. Although the information that I present is indeed broad in scope, the reader must realize that it falls short of comprehensiveness. The shear volume of literature prohibits designing anything other than a series of encyclopedias to encompass the full complexity of salt lake systems. It is my hope, rather, that this paper elicits the reader’s curiosity and prompts further reading on this fascinating area. The introduction draws a necessary overview of salt lakes in basic geographic and geologic terms. Part I examines the processes of basin and lake formation, first the physical mechanisms of creation and secondly the concentration of ions within the basin. Part II explores the effects of salinity and other chemical characteristics on lake fauna. Part III explains how climatic adjustments determine the composition of vegetation in and around salt lake basins. Together, these pieces should provide some insight to a central question of this paper: What physical and chemical characteristics of athalassic salt lakes, as determined by the regional climatic and hydrologic regime, determine local ecologies? Abstract The athalassic salt lakes of Australia arose during the continent’s shift to the present arid/semi-arid climate regime. Some, such as Lake Eyre are ephemeral and hold water only after infrequent and irregular rains; others flood intermittently or permanently contain water.

Air Transport Industry

Air transport is one of the integral parts of the tourism industry that has largely contributed positively to the global tourism industry. The advancement in air transport industry coupled with improvement in communication and information technology over the decades has seen the quality of the air travel improve in standard and reduction in the cost of air tickets hence increase in traffic of tourists frequenting destinations that were otherwise deemed inaccessible or too expensive. The great strides were taken in ensuring the safety of air transport, reducing the cost to make air travels accessible to a bigger audience and increased ports have seen the tourism industry flourish enormously (Duval, 2013). Although other forms of transport supplement air transport, particular tourist destinations are wholly dependent on air transport. This explains how essential air transport is to the tourism industry. This paper seeks to address the correlation between the tourism industry and transport industry and in particular air transport and analyze its range of influence on the tourism industry as well as its economic impact. Air transport is a crucial segment of the extensive travel and tourism sector. According to world statistics, about 75 percent of the world international tourists use air transport. In some tourist destinations, air transport is the only means of transport (Duval, 2013). These increasing statistics of more tourists is due to law of better taxes that are considerate. Cost of air transport deeply influences the tourist`s choice of the destination as well as other tourism products. However, the improved technology by which larger aircraft have been developed that can carry a large number of passengers hence reducing the cost of an individual ticket. Additionally, the ability to cover long distances within a short timeline has made air transport stand out as the ideal method of transport preferred by a bigger percentage of tourist globally. Accessibility of the tourist destination is one of the factors that influence the development of tourism in any particular place. A region may have spectacular landscapes that would rake in tons of dollars earned from tourism, but if it is inaccessible, then it may never be of any help. However, thanks to the advancement in air transport, places that were previously considered inaccessible are now reachable. For instance, the Kalahari Desert in Africa is now a hub of tourist destination. Travels around the globe are now measured regarding hours not as previously, which was regarding days of months. The efficient network of air travels the most convenient. This has seen a sharp increase in some tourist arrivals in every single part of the world. For instance, according to the Panama central statistics office, an analysist of tourist arrival in 2007 was 79,223, which was an increase from the 2006 figure, which was 769,897. This was a growth rate of about 3.7 percent. This growth was due to the increase in some aircraft as well as plane seat capacity. The economic impacts as a result of an increase in tourist in-flow due to improved air transport are numerous. For instance, government benefits from the contribution to the government revenues generated by taxes imposed tourism- related businesses such as the hotels, employee`s taxes, tax on goods and services offered to the tourists and departure taxes. Apart from the government, private investors owning the hotels, small aircrafts used to transport tourists locally benefits a lot. There is also a range of jobs created directly from the tourism industry such as drivers, cooks, restaurants, souvenir shops as well as nightclub operates (Graham, 2013). There are also pilots who operate the planes transporting the tourists. The benefits accrued to increased tourism activities as a result of improved airline transport are numerous. According to a study conducted by the World Tourism Organization, the estimate of tax contribution imposed directly or indirectly on travel and tourism; related activities worldwide amounted to US$ 850 billion in 2001 a figure expected to triple by 2020. The statistic indicates how a well-organized and customer friendly system of transport can be of importance as far as economic development is concerned. These funds are channeled in different government projects such as infrastructure, which benefits the general public hence improving their condition of living. Air transport has helped the tourism industry to spread worldwide. The economic benefits gained from improved air transport about the tourism industry are many. The government has benefitted by earning taxes that are used to fund sustainable development projects such as roads construction while many business people and individuals have benefited from the tourism industry as either employees or owners of the facilities used by the tourism. Improving air transport even further will make it even further will make it even cheaper hence more affordable to a bigger population, this will mean a definite increase in the tourism industry since there will be more tourist who is able and willing to visit many tourist destination sites around the globe and more often hence increased revenue to the various related to sectors (Graham, 2013). Harnessing this revenue properly can mean improving the gross domestic revenues of host countries around the world hence improving their economy (Buckley, 2012). Also, air transport will improve global tourism industry by opening up remote places that were previously less known to the world. This means due to the easy of transport; more tourist will be able to frequent these destination hence indirectly improving the economic statues of these remote places. Most world tourist destinations depend almost completely on air travel services for the transportation of tourists. This means air services are a necessary component in the success of global tourism industry. The economic impacts resulting from increased tourism activities due to air services benefit both the government and individual contained in the tourism industry. Improved air service is the only way that the only way that the global tourism industry can thrive. This is already evidenced by the emergence of airbuses and low-cost carriers, which are quite affordable enabling even a more significant number of tourists to visit different destinations of their choice and more often. ReferencesBuckley, R. (2012). Sustainable tourism: Research and reality. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(2), 528-546.Duval, D. T. (2013). Critical issues in air transport and tourism. Tourism Geographies, 15(3), 494-510.Graham, A. (2013). Managing Airports 4th edition: An international perspective. Routledge

Physics Ib Chapter 4 Notes

CSimple Harmonic Motion and Waves Kinematics of simple harmonic motion: Oscillation: an effect expressible as a quantity that repeatedly and regularly fluctuates above and below a average value, as the pressure of an alternating current. Examples include: †¢ Cycle: One cycle is defined as one complete oscillation of the pendulum (A-B-A) †¢ Equilibrium Position: the position where the pendulum would be at rest when undisturbed (O) †¢ Amplitude (x0): maximum displacement from equilibrium position (OB or OA) – measured in metres. Time Period (T): the length of time to complete one cycle – measured in seconds †¢ Frequency (f): the number of cycles the pendulum makes per unit time – measured in 1/s or hertz (Hz) †¢ Angular frequency (? or 2? f): used when describing circular motion, or even an oscillation in the case of 2? equivalent to one cycle. Displacement: the distance of an oscillating body from its central position or point of equilibri um at any given moment. Amplitude: the absolute value of the maximum displacement from a zero value during one period of an oscillation.Frequency: the number of periods or regularly occurring events of any given kind in unit of time. This is usually measured in one second. Period: the time taken to complete one cycle of a regularly recurring phenomenon Phase Difference: Simple Harmonic Motion: vibratory motion in a system in which the restoring force is proportional to the displacement from equilibrium. This is expressed by the equation: a = -? ^2x Energy changes during simple harmonic motion (SHM): Kinetic energy = mv^2 /2 and the potential energy at any point = total energy – KE.Because no energy is lost when the total energy is a constant value, the energy when a body is active sees continual changes between kinetic and potential energy. Forced oscillations and resonance: Damping: The effect in which there is a loss of energy due to the friction in real oscillation. Exampl es of damping include: †¢ Light damping, critical damping, etc. Natural frequency of vibration Wave Characteristics: Damping: The effect in which there is a loss of energy due to the friction in real oscillation. Examples of damping include: †¢ Light damping, critical damping, etc.Natural frequency of vibration Wave Properties: Snell's Law relates the angle of incidence to the angle of refraction to the ratio of the velocity of the wave in the different media, which is always equal. It is stated by: sin i = v1 __________________________________________________________________________ sin r = v2 Diffraction takes place when a wave passes through a small opening. If the op Doppler Effect: The Doppler effect is where there is An change in the frequency of sound, light, or other waves as there is a change in the distance between the source and observer.The effect causes the sudden change in pitch noticeable in a passing siren, as well as the redshift seen by astronomers. Elect rical Currents Electrical potential difference, current and resistence: Electrical potential difference (Voltage) is the electric potential difference between two points — or the difference in electric potential unit of a unit test charge transported between two points. The electron volt is a unit of energy equal to approximately 1. 6? 10? 19 joule (J). It is the amount of energy gained by the charge of a single electron moved across an electric potential difference of one volt.Thus it is 1 volt (1 joule per coulomb, 1 J/C) multiplied by the electron charge (1e, or 1. 602176565(35)? 10? 19 C). Electric current is the flow of charge (i. e. the + of batteries is charged as it has higher PE and the current flows to -. The unit of current is the amp (A), a scalar quantity. Resistence is the rate at which charge current flow through a conducter is not much allowed. This normally depends on the conducters size and material. It is measured in ohm (? ). It is related to the cross sec tional area (A), length (L) and the material and the constant of proportionality is called the resistivity (p).Hence R = pL/A Ohm's law states that electric current is proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to resistance in terms of flowing across and through it. If the potential difference across a conductor is V and the current flowing through it is I, then according to Ohm's law: V=IR. Ohmic conductor behaviour is demonstrated when graphing I against V of being a straight line Non-ohmic conductor behaviour is demonstrated when graphing I against V of not being a straight line. i. e. ight bulb filaments Electric circuits: Electromotive force (emf) refers to voltage output generated by a battery or by the magnetic force which states that a time varying magnetic field will induce an electric current. Internal resistence is the resistence of that of all cells that are made from materials that have resistance. If such a cell was connected to a resistor, there is less energ y to be converted to heat in the resistor and the potential difference across it less then the cell's emf. With Oh

A ideal college student

College by definition Is an institution of higher learning. Being a college student can be excited because It's a different step of your life, where you going to face a new world, deal with different kind of people that not have the some objective as you Like high school. And sometimes move from your country, to the country of your college acceptance. Move from your country means also move from your parent's house; which is one of the best opportunity almost 90% of kids are waiting for when they were in high school.For them, leave their parent's house make them independent ND don't have to be on nobody's control. Being a college student can be also frustrated. This is the moment of your life where you have to decide on what you want for your future, where you are going to understand the meaning of the word â€Å"life†, because you are going to be on your own to find your road and fit your shoes. And a financial aid or loan that stresses you out every time you have a bad grade. What can be more frustrated than that? An ideal college student after finish to choose his major base not on the money Is easily made but where you can be especially succeed; needs to be smart, responsible and organize. To do so you need to know that you have to attend class regularly and on time, Don't skip class for any reason; If you do miss one try to take notes from somebody. So for the next class you can be able to understand because sometimes the next chapter is related to the previous one.Be a good listener by paying attention to your instructor; that means no talking, testing while you are in class. It is better to participate on the course and ask question that's will help you to understand your notes. Be organized that means if your have more than one class don't mix all your notes; put each material for each lass separately so it will be easier when it's comes the time to study. Keep your study area clean and free with all study materials on a specific place that you can reach them whenever you need them.Because, by looking too much for a book can make you agitated and loose concentrations. Don't Walt until final to study make a weekly schedule like: 6 hours to study, 8 hours to read and at least go to the library twice a week for some research. For the 6 hours study try to Identify the author mall point that can help you to understand the lesson purpose, stay focus as you read, use slighter, look for the key points and keep your dictionary close to you. Make new friends so you can have somebody to talk to about the next course or the assignment.In high school we were young; we did not worry too much all that matter was making friends just to have but is different in college. You are not looking only for friends, you are looking for people that you can talk about the course, the assignments and have together a study group so you can meet with for homework and discuss on something at least once a week. Being a college student does not mean you have to focus only on school things and disconnect from the outside.You have to have time for some fun such as going to the movies, having get together, so your mind can have a break and be fresher for the that are rich in proteins and vitamins also do not forget to drink a lot that your body can be hydrated, The ideal college student needs to know that there is no success that does not ask for a sacrifice. Life is getting harder from day to day so there is no place for mistake, all he has to do keep focus, be a devote student, delete the word fail on his vocabulary, be organized and include his text books on his everyday life with those he already has the key of the success door.

The Advantages of Ethical Retail

Retailing The advantages of ethical retail are as follows: Higher revenues. Improved Brand, Business Awareness and Recognition. Better employee Motivation and Recruitment. There are several ethical issues to be considered in retailing. To be a throughly ethical-concerned company, we are going to take some actions to guarantee everyone from the owners to employees in our company know and understand what is ethic and make sure they act ethically during the daily selling practice. 1. Mutual integrity A mutual integrity environment is expected to establish in our company.Employees are required to be honest when dealing with the business and with their co-workers. While the business,its owners and management should be honest in dealing with them. And our company, including owners and employee are required to be honest and ethical when dealing with customers. 2. Development of ethical standards Retail salespeople need guidelines on ethical issues. An ethical standards will be developed and posted by the ethical department. Something simple which commits the business and its employees to certain behavior ought to be clearly and complete to provide a guide to day to day decisions.Because it is found that some salespeople are not aware what is ethical issues, what is the the right thing and what is not. Besides some common sense about ethical issues, there are some misconducts will be listed that they may be not realized. Charge full price for a sale item without the customers’ knowledge. Don’t tell the complete truth to a customer about the characteristics of a product. Sell more expensive product when a less expensive product would be better for the customer. Don’t offer information to the customer about an upcoming sale.Make excuses to customers about unavailable merchandise when merchandise is not in stock or is sold out. Take return from customers when you believe the item should not be accepted. Give preferential treatment to certain customers . Give your employee discount to your friends Sell merchandise that is not of good quality. Don’t Use the Customer Information privately or in other business activities. Employees are required to remember it and act it accordingly. 3. Fair workload employers in our company also need to provide a good working situation for the employees.No excessive pressure and workload of the job are allowed to put on salespeople, which place them in uncomfortable situation. 4. Good ethics demonstration Employers are needed to be ethical-concerned firstly. Employees may follow the behaviors of employers. Poor ethics demonstrated by ourselves or senior management can educate others that the business is prepared to cut corners or deal in areas of grey between what is right and what is wrong. This leads to employees themselves following this behavior and acting against the business but doing no worse than they have seen a more senior person do.When comes to social responsibility and environment concerned,we are going take some actions in our daily retailing practice. 1. Better inventory management Inventory management is the process of efficiently overseeing the constant flow of units into and out of an existing inventory. It helps in controlling the costs associated with the inventory. Since our warehouse where our inventories placed are not located near our retailing store, it needs vehicles to transfer the products when they needed.Through a better inventory management, we can lessen the times of transportation, so as to reduce the pollution of the environment and cost at the same time. 2. Shorten opening time reasonable As it known to all,electricity and water are used during opening time of retailing store. However, electricity are wasted during low consumer flow when only few people in the store. An investigation is conducted to show the consumer flow statistics and we are going to rearrange our opening time accordingly to reduce the electricity and water consumptio n.Environmental friendly packaging Over-packaging or packaging with no-environment friendly material are also needed to be eliminated concerning of environment. Therefor, switching over to environment friendly packaging materials is our first step. Recycle Bags are going to sell in low price in our retailing store instead of plastic bags. Consumers who bring the bag back can have 10% discount at all items. It is a good way to avoid plastic pollution, in the other hand, it is also a good promotion way. 4. Undertaking activities that are beneficial to the societyTo build good ethical-concerned image of our company, we plan to undertake activities that are beneficial to the society. For example, this season, our theme is about pets. We consider to join a series of activities held by PETA, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, it is the largest animal rights organization in the world, with more than 3 million members and supporters. To show our company is animal-friendly, we are going to join â€Å"Shopping Guide to Compassionate Clothing: Vegan Companies† of PETA, which defines as company sells only animal-friendly, cruelty-free products. Promotion 1.Public-interested ad Public-interested advertisements about every season’s ethical emphasis are going to made. This season,considering our brand is sportswear and the ethical emphasis is animal rights, we are going to place our advertisements at the paths and space specially for pets and their owners, for instance Wan Dog Park, Pet World, Peel Rise, Discovery Bay, Sai Kung, Clearwater Bay and so on. Considering our target customers who are animal-lovers , they play with their pets in casual wear. They may be attracted by our public-interested ad: a man in our clothing playing with dogs harmoniously.

Economic Geography Op-Ed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Economic Geography Op-Ed - Essay Example There are two types of barriers to movement. That is systematic and personal. The particular hindrance involves physical location and the mental ability. The systematic complications refer to political contrivances, given laws, educational chances and barriers that come from historical instances. (Miguà ©lez & Moreno, 2013 .The awareness and development of a high class of labour mobility and migration gives an opportunity to a more efficient and effective distribution of resources. Labour migration and movement have confirmed to be a must driver of innovations. Conflict, misunderstanding, globalization, demographic differences and shifts, inequality in income, and change in income may arise. Moreover, this may lead to more families and job seekers to move across different borders in searching for comfortable security and employment. According to United Nations statistics, approximately there are over two hundred million migrant and foreign workers in the world. Mobile and foreign labourers usually add up to development in their based countries as compared to the home country (World Bank, 2004). It brings brain drain. There are complicated challenges in terms of international cooperation, governance, migration and linkages of development and protections of migrant labourers. Economists and other researchers suggest that as time continues to elapse, mobility and migration of workers should have an equal impact on income. (Miguà ©lez Moreno, 2013).International labor organization as an immigrant agency strives to enable policies that maximize the advantages of labour mobility and migration for all those parties involved. However, immigration of workers must exhibit openness, selection of migrants and the right to grant. In high-income countries, the immigration policies show temporal residence, limitation to high skilled labor and temporal restrictions of rights. These are workers or

The Behavior of the Marketer Both Before and After the Purchase Research Paper

The Behavior of the Marketer Both Before and After the Purchase - Research Paper Example Purchasing was not a big task around two-three decades before. The only thing the consumers thought before purchasing a product earlier was about the necessity of the product and the financial abilities of the consumer. But at present, the consumer needs and the behaviours have changed a lot. The living,g standards and the levels are changed a lot and based on that the consumer behaviours also changed. Moreover, the competition is so stiff nowadays that even for a particular product, dozens of options are available for the consumers. Because of this increased availability of different brands of products, consumers are more selective nowadays. They compare the features of a product with competing products before taking their purchasing decisions. Marketers found it extremely difficult to convince the current consumers. Current Consumers consider so many factors before making a purchasing decision. Two of my neighbours recently purchased two cars from different suppliers. I have interv iewed them to learn more about the current trends in the consumer behaviours before the purchasing. I have asked the same questions to both of them their responses taken as the base for writing this paper. For convenience, I call them consumer A and consumer B in this paper. Consume,r A was richer and more educated than Consumer B. Moreover, consumer A was working in the city as a system analyst in a multinational company whereas consumer B was a teacher in a rural school. For convenience, I have used the responses of both the consumers to each question alternatively to get a good comparison about the different purchasing behaviours of people.

Cross Border Investment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Cross Border Investment - Essay Example Investors need to identify these issues and act wisely to minimise the risks involved in cross border investment while maximising the expected returns out of the investment. This paper identifies and elaborates major issues related to cross border investment and viability of this tool in portfolio diversification. Europe is known to be one of the pre-eminent real estate investment destinations for foreign investors. Western European countries such as France, United Kingdom, Germany and Italy etc have remained to be the most favourable real estate markets; however, properties in these countries are extremely high-priced. This is directing attention of foreign investors to the Eastern European countries. These emerging and new markets offer various investment attractions to the foreign investors. Investors from all parts of the world in particular from the UK are taking keen interest in exploring these countries' investment potential. Furthermore, as these countries move towards EU accession, significant growth in their commercial and business activities can be observed. This further adds up to the attraction of these countries as a tool for international portfolio diversification. ... Myer et al. define the term diversification as, "the complete removal of unsystematic risk in an effort to minimize the fluctuations of a portfolio's return in excess of what the market will reward" (1999, p. 163). Diversification in the form of investment portfolio has remained popular among investors for the last several decades. Through portfolio diversification companies and investors invest their funds in several dimensions such as shares, securities, bonds, derivatives and real estate etc. One such strategy becoming substantially appealing to investors in present times is diversification of risk through investment in international financial and real estate assets. Under cross border investment, companies and investors look for investment opportunities around the world and make the most of favourable situation in foreign countries. Investors might opt for either a complete international investment portfolio or a combination of domestic and international financial assets and real estate. Investors are supposed to attain maximum returns out of their invested funds when they diversify the investment over a range of different countries with significant investment opportunities. Research demonstrates that cross border diversification of investment portfolio carries substantial benefits for the investment with respect to risk reduction as well as return maximisation (for example, Addae-Dapaah & Loh (2005); Cheng et al. (1999); Gordon et al. (1998); Sirmans and Worzala (2003) etc.). Cheng et al. affirm this point as, "significant diversification benefits are available when investments are spread out over many different countries" (1999, p. 463). Investors can not only take advantage of favourable situation prevailing in

Wells Fargo & Company Financial Ratios Analysis Research Paper

Wells Fargo & Company Financial Ratios Analysis - Research Paper Example The bank has positioned itself with a niche in specialized lending activities. It is the nation’s largest consumer lending bank with profits as high as $4 billion for the third quarter of 2011. Since 2008, Wells Fargo & Company has enjoyed increased revenue year by year until 2010. The three quarters for 2011 have however, experienced an increase in its earnings. The highest rise in its net income was attained from 2008 to 2009 of 362% increase i.e. from $ 2,655, 000 to $12,275,000. This has since then stabilized at the $12million range. Financial ratios analysis Profitability ratios Return on assets The ratio was 0.96% in 2008 and has risen to 5% in 2010. The return on assets has been increasing steadily from 2009 to date. It rose sharply in 2008/2009. Investment in bonds and notes, preferred and common stocks and other securities in its diversified portfolio of assets have seen a tremendous rise in its assets for the last three years. The ratio indicates that the returns from use of assets in the company are effectively invested in to generate high earnings for the bank. A comparison with the peer shows a big difference. The peer has ROA of 2.2% currently and the trend for the 4 years is an increase from 0.8%. Return on equity The ratio rose sharply in 2008 – 2009 then has stabilized for the following years. The ratio was at 4.84 in 2008 then rose to 10.42. Currently, the range is 10 – 11. That of its peers rags behind with 2008 having a negative of 3.86, and in 2010 a ROE of 5.10. Wells Fargo and Company has doubled its ROE in comparison to its peer group. The ma nagement team of Wells Fargo & Company has done a tremendous job in investing the shareholders equity and generating a high return therefrom. The return on equity is very high compared to its industry. The management has achieved this high mark through the investment strategies it has adopted. The company retained earnings are as high as $61 million this year compared to $48.9 million in September, 2010. These have been used as internal equity for reinvestment. The company investments are seen as a high diversified portfolio in the different sectors of the economy. The 4 year analysis of Wells Fargo financials indicate that both preferred and common equity is in surplus. The company is not highly geared, but it uses its earnings for investment purposes. The year 2008 experienced a huge increase in its equity when the company added its share capital. Efficiency ratios: Net Interest Margin – This is a measure of the difference between the cost of funds and the income generated by those funds. This stands at highs of 20.66%. The increase is owed to the reduction in provisions for credit losses. Net Noninterest Margin - Measures fees and service charges relative to noninterest expenses. It stands at 9.62%. This has resulted from the decrease in operating expenses that are not directly related to credit taking. Net Operating Margin The figure stands at an increase of 30.28% in 2011. This is owed to both reduced noninterest expense and the provision for credit losses in the year. Earnings per Share This stands at 0.72 in 2011 and has increased for the 7 consecutive quarters. This indicates that the company’s efficiency is high although its revenues have decreased. Earnings Spread This stood at 6% in 2010 compared to the third quarter of 2011 of 22%. Its peers have however, managed highs

International trade Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

International trade - Research Paper Example However like every theory this connection between trade and economic growth and between trade and poverty might be empirically verified. If such a relation holds true then it will automatically provide a ground for the stagnant economies and the developing nations to remove trade barriers and introduce incentives to facilitate the same. Even the developed countries pursue protectionist policies on products related to agriculture, textiles and steel, which are, imported from the less developed nations. Initially the international organizations were pressuring the developing nations to liberalize their economies on the basis of structural adjustment loans. Currently their policies are changing as their attention shifts more towards the developed nations with respect to the removal of trade barriers in nations like Canada, EU and Japan. (Spanu, May 2003, p.1) The basis of all these lie in the theory of trade as an engine of growth and as a step towards reduction of poverty. Most of the literatures studied are in the context of developing or emerging economies. It will be interesting to study the impact of trade in the context of a developed nation like USA, which has recently undergone a vulnerable state of its economy. Hence it is important to empirically verify this theory through the study. Next the theory of trade as an engine of growth might be considered at the background of our research as already mentioned before. According to Adam Smith, David Ricardo and their followers, the secret of England’s wealth lay in trade related activities carried out by the ancient sailors. Without the occurrence of trade, the economy would have remained a closed one with poor living standards, which could gradually lead to the downfall of the economy. According to Smith, â€Å"trade extended the size of the market, promoted specialization and generated prosperity through its gains.† (Mehmet, 44) In

Strategic Issues and Solutions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Strategic Issues and Solutions - Assignment Example If the client does not give access to every section- it usually turns down the offer. There are few traditional limitation were observed between the Crispin and the Burger Kind in 2004. The partner's pitched a plan for turning the packaging and tray liners into ad vehicles and changing the doors and parking lot signs before they ever pitched an ad idea. Then at MINI, and now VW, the agency has been creating a line of innovative gear for owners. For a brewing company Molson, they asked to spend $1 million retooling its bottling plant just for putting labels on bottles for Crispin just for using it as canvas for advertising along with some funny pickup lines. One recent decision that could potentially threat the company is of moving creative chief Bogusky, Keller, also 70 other staff to Boulder, Colo., in year 2008. So with many key creative staffers 2,000 miles away, the agency's ecosystem could loosen a bit. It gained popularity by working with major companies like BMW MINI and Truth in 1990 and 2000. The company used best Virtual marketing techniques, as used for Burger King's subservient chicken campaign (check this website- www.subservientchicken.com).It is also a member of MDC Partners (MDCA) which s a provider of marketing communications services to customers worldwide. In November 2007, MDC is raising its share from 49 per cent to 77 per cent. As it is one of the largest Advertising Company it has more than 650 employees which is one of the strength of this company. They are able to provide with innovative and creative advertising which makes them stand out in the advertising world. They have a diversify list of clients which makes them globally very popular. In 2006 the Crispin Porter & Bogusky got introduced in UK for the first time with Burger King. Weaknesses: The company is known for its creativity and has become renowned worldwide and in America for its best work. But still the power lies with the client. Furthermore, the ideas which the company comes up can be easily publicly traded in the market. Opportunities If company's clients are ready to put their accounts up for reviewing regularly, it can be known as one of the opportunity undoubtedly. The employees who are committed to their work and spend all their time to come up with the most creative and flawless idea for an ad- it surely is an opportunity for the company to flourish. Which makes everyone feels that they need advertising. Threats The world of advertising has now become highly saturated; there are trillions of companies to choose from. The threat of loosing clients is always hanging over every company as well as this company too. If Client ask the company to generate idea for the product or service and than they say 'we didn't like the idea'; so there is also a possibility that they can steal the ideas and make the ad on their own. The new agencies are always a threat as may try to copy the style of Crispin Porter+ Bogusky. Recommendations: Try to attract more clients and maintain the brand equity of Crispin Porter+ Bogusky maintain. Try to come up with nice strategic contracts which effectively lock new and existing clients with